This is a 4-digit variable that represents a number of minutes to go to, collect water from, and come back from an unprotected spring, except for the following codes:
9000 = Logical edit - missing
9996 = Not interviewed (household questionnaire)
9997 = Don't know
9998 = No response or missing
9999 = NIU (not in universe)
Description
For persons in households that use water from an unprotected spring on a regular basis for any purpose (drinking, handwashing, cooking, etc.), WATERUNPROTSPRINGRT
reports how long it takes in minutes to go to, collect water from, and come back from this source, including time spent waiting in line.
Enumerators were instructed to code "Don't know" or "No response" cases as -88 and -99, respectively. However, in some samples, a select number of enumerators recorded an unexpectedly high number of 88 and 99 values for water collection variables. We believe the majority of these cases were intended to represent "don't know" and "no responses" instead of indicating a number of minutes. IPUMS-PMA has recoded these cases to "Logical edit - missing".
The question associated with this variable was included in the household questionnaire.
Comparability — Index
|
GENERAL |
Ethiopia |
Ghana |
Comparability
The questionnaire text associated with this variable changes across samples that may affect comparability. In most samples, the questionnaire text asks how long a round trip to collect the water takes ("How long does it take to go to [WATER SOURCE], get water, and come back?").
In some other cases, the questionnaire text explicitly asks how long a one-way trip to collect the water takes. As noted below, IPUMS-PMA multiplied these values by 2 to approximate the time to complete a round trip.
Please see the questionnaire text for each sample for more details.
Comparability — Ethiopia [top]
The Round 1 Survey asks "How many minutes does it take to make a one-way trip to [WATER SOURCE]?" In order to maximize comparability across samples, all valid cases for this sample were multiplied by 2.
Comparability — Ghana [top]
The Round 1 Survey asks "How many minutes does it take to make a one-way trip to [WATER SOURCE]?" In order to maximize comparability across samples, all valid cases for this sample were multiplied by 2.
Universe
- Persons in households that use water from an unprotected spring on a regular basis for any purpose.
Availability
- Burkina Faso: 2014-2016
- Congo (Democratic Republic): 2013-2017
- Cote d'Ivoire: 2017
- Ethiopia: 2014-2017
- Ghana: 2013-2017
- India: 2016-2017
- Indonesia: 2015-2016
- Kenya: 2014-2016
- Niger: 2016-2017
- Nigeria: 2014-2017
- Uganda: 2014-2017
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