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Description

URBAN indicates whether the respondent was located in a place designated as urban or as rural. Urban/rural status varies across countries, depending on the definition of the country's statistical bureau.

Comparability — Index

GENERAL
Burkina Faso
Cote d'Ivoire
Ethiopia
Ghana
India
Indonesia
Kenya
Niger
Nigeria
Uganda

Comparability

The definition of URBAN varies widely across countries, with no consistent standard set by PMA. Rather, a specific country's urban-rural definition is adopted, which may be based on a population threshold or other measurable criteria, while in other cases, the categorization is a consequence of administrative classification. The urban-rural definitions presented below are taken from the United Nations' World Urbanization Prospects, which used the definitions from country-specific censuses.

Comparability — Burkina Faso [top]

Urban areas include localities with 10,000 inhabitants or more and with sufficient socio-economic and administrative infrastructures.

Comparability — Cote d'Ivoire [top]

Urban areas are defined as places with 10,000 inhabitants or more, or areas between 4,000 and 10,000 inhabitants where more than half of households are engaged in non-agricultural activities.

Comparability — Ethiopia [top]

Urban areas include localities with 2,000 inhabitants or more.

Comparability — Ghana [top]

Urban areas include localities with 5,000 inhabitants or more.

Comparability — India [top]

Urban areas are defined as statutory places with a municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified town area committee; and places satisfying the following three criteria simultaneously: (a) a minimum population of 5,000 inhabitants, (b) at least 75 percent of male working population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits, and (c) a density of population of at least 400 per square kilometer.

Comparability — Indonesia [top]

Urban areas include municipalities ('kota'), regency capitals ('kabupaten') and other places with urban characteristics.

The largest administrative subdivisions in Indonesia are provinces. The 34 provinces of Indonesia are divided into regencies/kabupaten and municipalities/kota, which are further divided into districts and subdistricts.

Comparability — Kenya [top]

Urban areas include municipalities, town councils, and other urban centers with 2,000 inhabitants or more.

Comparability — Niger [top]

From the 2001 Census, urban areas include localities serving as administrative headquarters for departments and "arrondissements", and those with an administrative headquarter with 2,500 inhabitants or more.

Since the 2001 Census, the definitions for department and arrondissement have changed. What were formerly called departments are now referred to as "regions," which represent the largest administrative subdivision in Niger. The 7 regions of Niger were formerly divided into arrondissements. Confusingly, the second-largest administrative subdivision in Niger is called a department.

Comparability — Nigeria [top]

Urban areas include towns with 20,000 inhabitants or more.

Comparability — Uganda [top]

Urban areas include gazetted cities, municipalities, and towns with 2,000 inhabitants or more.

Universe

  • Burkina Faso 2014 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2015 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2016 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2016 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2017 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2018 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2022 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Cote D'Ivoire 2017 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Cote D'Ivoire 2018 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Cote D'Ivoire 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Cote D'Ivoire 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Cote D'Ivoire 2022 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2014 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2014 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2015 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2016 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2017 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2018 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2019 PMAET Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2013 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2014 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2014 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2015 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2016 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2017 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2016 (Rajasthan) Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2017 (Rajasthan) Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2017 (Rajasthan) Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2018 (Rajasthan) Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2020 (Rajasthan) Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2021 (Rajasthan) Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2022 (Rajasthan) Female and Household: All persons.
  • Indonesia 2015 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Indonesia 2016 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2014 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2014 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2015 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2015 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2016 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2017 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2018 Round 7 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2019 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Niger 2015 (Niamey) Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Niger 2016 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Niger 2016 (Niamey) Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Niger 2017 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Niger 2018 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Niger 2020 Phase 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Niger 2022 Phase 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Niger 2023 Phase 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2014 (Kaduna) Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2014 (Lagos) Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2015 (Kaduna) Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2015 (Lagos) Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2016 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2017 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2017 (Oyo) Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2018 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2019 (Kano) Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2019 (Lagos) Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria (Lagos) 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria (Kano) 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria (Kano) 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria (Lagos) 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2014 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2015 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2015 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2016 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2017 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2018 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2019 Female and Household (R6 Follow up): All persons.
  • Uganda 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2022 Female and Household: All persons.

Availability

  • Burkina Faso: 2014-2018, 2020-2022
  • Cote d'Ivoire: 2017-2018, 2020-2022
  • Ethiopia: 2014-2019, 2021
  • Ghana: 2013-2017
  • India: 2016-2018, 2020-2022
  • Indonesia: 2015-2016
  • Kenya: 2014-2021
  • Niger: 2015-2018, 2020, 2022-2023
  • Nigeria: 2014-2021
  • Uganda: 2014-2022