SCORE_KANO is a constructed variable that combines information on household assets, livestock owned, floor, roof, and wall construction materials, water sources, and toilet facilities to create a total wealth score for the household.

• Household assets include possessions such as radios, televisions, bicycles, furniture, etc. These options may vary slightly by country and survey year.

• Livestock counted are chickens, sheep, goats, horses/camels, cows/bulls, and local cattle. These options may vary slightly by country and survey year.

• Floor materials are divided into three categories: natural materials (e.g. earth or dung), rudimentary materials (e.g. planks or palm bamboo), and finished materials (e.g. vinyl, ceramic tiles, cement, or carpet). These options may vary slightly by country and survey year.

• Roof materials are divided into three categories: natural materials (e.g. a thatched roof or dung/mud), rudimentary materials (e.g. corrugated iron or tin cans), and finished materials (e.g. asbestos, concrete, or tiles). These options may vary slightly by country and survey year.

• Wall materials are divided into three categories: natural materials (e.g. no walls, cane, or dung/mud), rudimentary materials (e.g. bamboo and mud, plywood, cardboard, or reused wood), and finished materials (e.g. cement, bricks, or wood planks with shingles). These options may vary slightly by country and survey year.

• Water source includes options such as water piped into the dwelling, a public tap, a dug well, and others.

• Toilet facility includes options such as a piped sewer system, composting toilet, etc.

Unweighted means and standard deviations for each of the indicator variables are then used in a principal components analysis to determine the overall household wealth score.

The questions associated with this variable were included in the household questionnaire.