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Description

For all households with complete survey results, WEALTHQ refers to the relative wealth of the household where the woman lives, divided into quintiles from the poorest (Lowest quintile) to the richest (Highest quintile). Wealth is determined by a constructed wealth score (SCORE).

 

SCORE is a constructed variable that combines information on household assets, livestock owned, floor, roof, and wall construction materials, water sources, and toilet facilities to create a total wealth score for the household.

  • Household assets include possessions such as radios, televisions, bicycles, furniture, etc. These options may vary slightly by country and survey year.
  • Livestock counted are chickens, sheep, goats, horses/camels, cows/bulls, and local cattle. These options may vary slightly by country and survey year.
  • Floor materials are divided into three categories: natural materials (e.g. earth or dung), rudimentary materials (e.g. planks or palm bamboo), and finished materials (e.g. vinyl, ceramic tiles, cement, or carpet). These options may vary slightly by country and survey year.
  • Roof materials are divided into three categories: natural materials (e.g. a thatched roof or dung/mud), rudimentary materials (e.g. corrugated iron or tin cans), and finished materials (e.g. asbestos, concrete, or tiles). These options may vary slightly by country and survey year.
  • Wall materials are divided into three categories: natural materials (e.g. no walls, cane, or dung/mud), rudimentary materials (e.g. bamboo and mud, plywood, cardboard, or reused wood), and finished materials (e.g. cement, bricks, or wood planks with shingles). These options may vary slightly by country and survey year.
  • Water source includes options such as water piped into the dwelling, a public tap, a dug well, and others.

  • Toilet facility includes options such as a piped sewer system, composting toilet, etc.

Unweighted means and standard deviations for each of the indicator variables are then used in a principal components analysis to determine the overall household wealth score.

The questions associated with this variable were included in the household questionnaire.

Comparability

The general meaning of WEALTHQ is consistent across samples, but the variables used to calculate the wealth index quintiles and the level of wealth implied by a specific quintile-ranking are country- and survey-specific. Thus, for example, a given set of household amenities and services could place a household in the top quintile in a low-resource country but in the middle quintile in a wealthier country. WEALTHQ should thus be interpreted as the relative economic standing of the woman's household within a specific country at a particular point in time.

For samples that are not nationally representative, such as Nigeria 2017 (Oyo region), wealth quintiles and tertiles are calculated relative to the sampled population, not the nation as a whole.

For Burkina Faso and Niger samples, the PMA team originally calculated wealth tertiles for households rather than wealth quintiles, due to small sample size and distribution of wealth among households in the sample. IPUMS has calculated the wealth quintiles for these samples using SCORE and HQWEIGHT, and keeping only one observation per household.

Universe

  • Burkina Faso 2014 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2015 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2016 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2016 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2017 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2018 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Burkina Faso 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kinshasa) 2013 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kinshasa) 2014 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kinshasa) 2015 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kinshasa) 2015 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kongo Central) 2015 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kinshasa) 2016 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kongo Central) 2016 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kinshasa) 2017 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kongo Central) 2017 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kinshasa) 2018 Round 7 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kongo Central) 2018 Round 7 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kinshasa) 2019 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kongo Central) 2019 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kinshasa) 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kongo Central) 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kinshasa) 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Congo Democratic Republic (Kongo Central) 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Cote D'Ivoire 2017 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Cote D'Ivoire 2018 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Cote D'Ivoire 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Cote D'Ivoire 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Cote D'Ivoire 2022 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2014 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2014 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2015 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2016 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2017 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2018 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2019 PMAET Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ethiopia 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2013 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2014 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2014 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2015 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2016 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Ghana 2017 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2016 (Rajasthan) Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2017 (Rajasthan) Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2017 (Rajasthan) Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2018 (Rajasthan) Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2020 (Rajasthan) Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2021 (Rajasthan) Female and Household: All persons.
  • India 2022 (Rajasthan) Female and Household: All persons.
  • Indonesia 2015 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Indonesia 2016 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2014 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2014 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2015 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2015 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2016 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2017 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2018 Round 7 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2019 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Kenya 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Niger 2016 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Niger 2017 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Niger 2023 Phase 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2014 (Kaduna) Round 1 Female and Household: Persons in households in the Kaduna state of Nigeria.
  • Nigeria 2014 (Lagos) Round 1 Female and Household: Persons in households in Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Nigeria 2015 (Kaduna) Round 2 Female and Household: Persons in households in the Kaduna state of Nigeria.
  • Nigeria 2015 (Lagos) Round 2 Female and Household: Persons in households in Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Nigeria 2016 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2017 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2017 (Oyo) Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2018 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2019 (Kano) Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria 2019 (Lagos) Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria (Kano) 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Nigeria (Lagos) 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2014 Round 1 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2015 Round 2 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2015 Round 3 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2016 Round 4 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2017 Round 5 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2018 Round 6 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2019 Female and Household (R6 Follow up): All persons.
  • Uganda 2020 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2021 Female and Household: All persons.
  • Uganda 2022 Female and Household: All persons.

Availability

  • Burkina Faso: 2014-2018, 2020-2021
  • Congo (Democratic Republic): 2013-2021
  • Cote d'Ivoire: 2017-2018, 2020-2022
  • Ethiopia: 2014-2019, 2021
  • Ghana: 2013-2017
  • India: 2016-2018, 2020-2022
  • Indonesia: 2015-2016
  • Kenya: 2014-2021
  • Niger: 2016-2017, 2023
  • Nigeria: 2014-2020
  • Uganda: 2014-2022